Industrial furnace
According to different uses in petrochemical production can be divided into heating furnace, cracking furnace, reformer and so on.
Ethylene Cracking Furnaces: The companies that own this technology mainly include ABB, KBR, S&W, KTI and Linde, etc. The process technology develops in the direction of high temperature, short residence time and low hydrocarbon partial pressure to further increase selectivity and reduce investment. In terms of the overall level, China's cracking technology still has a big gap with the world level, mainly reflected in the small scale of the equipment, raw material consumption, energy consumption, high production costs, short equipment operation cycle, low control level, repeated introduction of technology, and development. The pace of innovation is slow.
Conversion furnaces and gasification furnaces: Kellogg, the British Empire Chemical Engineering Company, and Danish Topsoe Company, which are the main countries involved in the development of large-scale industrial devices abroad. Domestically designed and manufactured 200,000 tons/year natural gas-based ammonia conversion plant, among which high-temperature furnace tubes and convection high-frequency welding finned tubes were successfully developed domestically for the first time, but so far there has been no domestically produced 300,000 tons. / Year conversion furnace for industrial installations. Domestic gasifiers cannot be designed on their own, and coal-water slurry nozzles are mostly dependent on imports.
Tower
The role of the tower in the petrochemical process is mainly fractionation, absorption, stripping, extraction, washing, recovery, regeneration, dehydration, and gas purification and cooling. Commonly used plate towers and packed towers, foreign towers are mainly in the continuous improvement of the tray and packing technology. In the past 20 years, many plate towers and packed towers with excellent performance have been developed in China. They have been widely used in petrochemical and refinery facilities and their performances are at the international advanced level. The representative ones are mainly DT trays suitable for handling high liquid flux, cyclone trays suitable for handling high gas fluxes, three-dimensional mass transfer trays with high operational flexibility and high efficiency, and sieve-fillers. Composite tower and so on. The large-sized tower towers and large-scale packed towers for Luoyang and Daqing oil-bearing refineries with a capacity of 5 million tons per year have a decompression tower with a diameter of ~p8400mm. The p10000mm large-scale distillation tower developed by China will soon be put into use.
Special machinery
Petrochemical production commonly used special machinery mainly includes filter, centrifuge, flue gas turbine, dryer and extrusion granulator.
Filters: Ketone-benzene dewaxing drum vacuum filter and PTA vacuum drum filter for oil-wax separation in oil refineries. At present, the drum vacuum filter abroad is developing towards large specifications, high speeds, high precision, and full automation. Domestic is the design and manufacturing technology imported from Italian EIMCO company. After digestion, absorption and improvement, a complete set of processing, assembly, and welding processes are formed. In contrast, the main gap is insufficient understanding of market development and product demand, low innovation capacity, and poor digestion of the essence of imported technology.
Centrifuge: There are vertical and horizontal spiral discharge decanter centrifuges. The centrifuge technology abroad has developed rapidly and it has achieved specialization and serialization. The domestically developed El, LWFl000-N and LWFl050-N centrifuges have been used for the separation of suspensions from 7 to 100,000 tons/year of high-density polyethylene units, respectively. The developed LWl200x1980 centrifuges are used for 22.5. Dehydration of 10,000 tons/year PTA slurry, the diameter of the centrifuge drum reaches φ1200mm. However, the vertical centrifuge is still in the initial simulation phase. Compared with foreign countries, the main gap is in design technology, product upsizing and serialization.
Flue gas turbine: It is an important energy recovery equipment in the catalytic cracking unit. The German GHH company technology is relatively mature. The domestic developed YL33000A and YL35000A flue gas turbines have been used in the 300-3.5 million tons/year heavy oil catalytic cracking unit, marking the achievement of the international advanced level.
Dryer: Japan's Mitsui Shipbuilding, Tsukishima Machinery and Germany's FAUVET?GIREL manufacture diameters up to φ4000mm. The 200,000-ton/year HDPE steam tube rotary dryer and the 400,000-ton/year TA steam tube rotary dryer have achieved localization. The gap is mainly manifested in the upsizing of equipment. The upcoming large-scale dryers of 400,000 tons/year to 500,000 tons/year of polyethylene and polypropylene units and 600,000 tons/year of polyester units will be under development.
Extrusion granulator: This equipment can manufacture polyolefin pellets through the process of mixing, extruding, granulating and other polymers to facilitate transportation. In foreign countries, only a few companies, such as the German WP Company and Japan Steel Works, have the ability to design and manufacture large-scale mixing granulator sets of technologies, and its main trend is toward twin-screw compounding and granulating units. The speed of development in our country is relatively backward. Currently, many small and medium-sized machines have been developed and developed. ABS 10,000-ton mixing extruders have been evaluated for production operations. The major technical indicators have reached the design requirements. Current large and medium-sized polyolefin production equipment extrusion granulators all rely on imports.
two. Petrochemical General Equipment
General petrochemical equipment includes gas compressors, petrochemical pumps and valves.
Gas Compressors: Gas compressors are the key equipment for generating pressure energy and conveying gas. They have turbo compressors and reciprocating compressors: mainly Japanese, American, German, Italian, Swiss and other countries have advanced design and manufacturing technologies. . After a long period of domestic self-development or introduction, many difficulties have been overcome and major breakthroughs have been made. The horizontal split centrifugal compressors and axial compressors are close to the advanced level of similar products in the world.
Centrifugal Compressor: The international development direction is to increase the capacity, develop high pressure, small flow, low noise, high efficiency compressor products. There are more than 10 domestic production companies, in particular the Shenyang Blower Factory, the Shanghai Blower Factory, and the Shaanxi Blower Factory. The high-tech, high-parameter, high-quality and special products of domestic centrifugal compressors cannot meet the needs, and about 50% rely on foreign imports. In addition, there are still gaps in technology level, quality, completeness, and abroad, and there is no mature experience in designing and manufacturing large-scale gas compressors.
Reciprocating compressors: The general use of armor-free, low-noise, full-shelf design saves installation, basics and commissioning costs. There are more than 20 domestic manufacturers, and dozens of compressor series and hundreds of products such as L, D, DZ, H, and M types have been formed, but large-scale reciprocating compressors cannot meet the needs.
Industrial pump
The international petrochemical pump manufacturers mainly include Sulzer of Switzerland, KSB of Germany, and Goss of the United States. The production technology of petrochemical pumps is relatively mature, with many varieties of specifications and a high degree of standardization. The development direction is mainly large-scale, high-speed, mechanical and electrical integration and complete sets of pump products. In particular, high-temperature pumps, low-temperature and ultra-low-temperature pumps, high-speed pumps, precision metering pumps, corrosion-resistant pumps, and transport of viscous media and pumps with solid particulate media and canned pumps have developed rapidly. There are more than 100 domestic manufacturers, and more than 100 series and more than 2000 varieties of pump products manufacturing technology and production equipment have been produced to meet the needs of petrochemical production. Compared with foreign countries, domestic petrochemical pumps are lagging behind in design theory and design methods. Product development uses more methods of imitation and analogy, lacks theoretical basis and experimental research data; processing equipment and technology levels are relatively backward, processing accuracy is low, and production efficiency is low. Low; product serialization and generalization degree is not high, specifications are few; pump efficiency, quality and reliability, sealing performance, corrosion resistance, etc. There is a big gap compared with foreign countries, so petrochemical pumps have more imports .
According to different uses in petrochemical production can be divided into heating furnace, cracking furnace, reformer and so on.
Ethylene Cracking Furnaces: The companies that own this technology mainly include ABB, KBR, S&W, KTI and Linde, etc. The process technology develops in the direction of high temperature, short residence time and low hydrocarbon partial pressure to further increase selectivity and reduce investment. In terms of the overall level, China's cracking technology still has a big gap with the world level, mainly reflected in the small scale of the equipment, raw material consumption, energy consumption, high production costs, short equipment operation cycle, low control level, repeated introduction of technology, and development. The pace of innovation is slow.
Conversion furnaces and gasification furnaces: Kellogg, the British Empire Chemical Engineering Company, and Danish Topsoe Company, which are the main countries involved in the development of large-scale industrial devices abroad. Domestically designed and manufactured 200,000 tons/year natural gas-based ammonia conversion plant, among which high-temperature furnace tubes and convection high-frequency welding finned tubes were successfully developed domestically for the first time, but so far there has been no domestically produced 300,000 tons. / Year conversion furnace for industrial installations. Domestic gasifiers cannot be designed on their own, and coal-water slurry nozzles are mostly dependent on imports.
Tower
The role of the tower in the petrochemical process is mainly fractionation, absorption, stripping, extraction, washing, recovery, regeneration, dehydration, and gas purification and cooling. Commonly used plate towers and packed towers, foreign towers are mainly in the continuous improvement of the tray and packing technology. In the past 20 years, many plate towers and packed towers with excellent performance have been developed in China. They have been widely used in petrochemical and refinery facilities and their performances are at the international advanced level. The representative ones are mainly DT trays suitable for handling high liquid flux, cyclone trays suitable for handling high gas fluxes, three-dimensional mass transfer trays with high operational flexibility and high efficiency, and sieve-fillers. Composite tower and so on. The large-sized tower towers and large-scale packed towers for Luoyang and Daqing oil-bearing refineries with a capacity of 5 million tons per year have a decompression tower with a diameter of ~p8400mm. The p10000mm large-scale distillation tower developed by China will soon be put into use.
Special machinery
Petrochemical production commonly used special machinery mainly includes filter, centrifuge, flue gas turbine, dryer and extrusion granulator.
Filters: Ketone-benzene dewaxing drum vacuum filter and PTA vacuum drum filter for oil-wax separation in oil refineries. At present, the drum vacuum filter abroad is developing towards large specifications, high speeds, high precision, and full automation. Domestic is the design and manufacturing technology imported from Italian EIMCO company. After digestion, absorption and improvement, a complete set of processing, assembly, and welding processes are formed. In contrast, the main gap is insufficient understanding of market development and product demand, low innovation capacity, and poor digestion of the essence of imported technology.
Centrifuge: There are vertical and horizontal spiral discharge decanter centrifuges. The centrifuge technology abroad has developed rapidly and it has achieved specialization and serialization. The domestically developed El, LWFl000-N and LWFl050-N centrifuges have been used for the separation of suspensions from 7 to 100,000 tons/year of high-density polyethylene units, respectively. The developed LWl200x1980 centrifuges are used for 22.5. Dehydration of 10,000 tons/year PTA slurry, the diameter of the centrifuge drum reaches φ1200mm. However, the vertical centrifuge is still in the initial simulation phase. Compared with foreign countries, the main gap is in design technology, product upsizing and serialization.
Flue gas turbine: It is an important energy recovery equipment in the catalytic cracking unit. The German GHH company technology is relatively mature. The domestic developed YL33000A and YL35000A flue gas turbines have been used in the 300-3.5 million tons/year heavy oil catalytic cracking unit, marking the achievement of the international advanced level.
Dryer: Japan's Mitsui Shipbuilding, Tsukishima Machinery and Germany's FAUVET?GIREL manufacture diameters up to φ4000mm. The 200,000-ton/year HDPE steam tube rotary dryer and the 400,000-ton/year TA steam tube rotary dryer have achieved localization. The gap is mainly manifested in the upsizing of equipment. The upcoming large-scale dryers of 400,000 tons/year to 500,000 tons/year of polyethylene and polypropylene units and 600,000 tons/year of polyester units will be under development.
Extrusion granulator: This equipment can manufacture polyolefin pellets through the process of mixing, extruding, granulating and other polymers to facilitate transportation. In foreign countries, only a few companies, such as the German WP Company and Japan Steel Works, have the ability to design and manufacture large-scale mixing granulator sets of technologies, and its main trend is toward twin-screw compounding and granulating units. The speed of development in our country is relatively backward. Currently, many small and medium-sized machines have been developed and developed. ABS 10,000-ton mixing extruders have been evaluated for production operations. The major technical indicators have reached the design requirements. Current large and medium-sized polyolefin production equipment extrusion granulators all rely on imports.
two. Petrochemical General Equipment
General petrochemical equipment includes gas compressors, petrochemical pumps and valves.
Gas Compressors: Gas compressors are the key equipment for generating pressure energy and conveying gas. They have turbo compressors and reciprocating compressors: mainly Japanese, American, German, Italian, Swiss and other countries have advanced design and manufacturing technologies. . After a long period of domestic self-development or introduction, many difficulties have been overcome and major breakthroughs have been made. The horizontal split centrifugal compressors and axial compressors are close to the advanced level of similar products in the world.
Centrifugal Compressor: The international development direction is to increase the capacity, develop high pressure, small flow, low noise, high efficiency compressor products. There are more than 10 domestic production companies, in particular the Shenyang Blower Factory, the Shanghai Blower Factory, and the Shaanxi Blower Factory. The high-tech, high-parameter, high-quality and special products of domestic centrifugal compressors cannot meet the needs, and about 50% rely on foreign imports. In addition, there are still gaps in technology level, quality, completeness, and abroad, and there is no mature experience in designing and manufacturing large-scale gas compressors.
Reciprocating compressors: The general use of armor-free, low-noise, full-shelf design saves installation, basics and commissioning costs. There are more than 20 domestic manufacturers, and dozens of compressor series and hundreds of products such as L, D, DZ, H, and M types have been formed, but large-scale reciprocating compressors cannot meet the needs.
Industrial pump
The international petrochemical pump manufacturers mainly include Sulzer of Switzerland, KSB of Germany, and Goss of the United States. The production technology of petrochemical pumps is relatively mature, with many varieties of specifications and a high degree of standardization. The development direction is mainly large-scale, high-speed, mechanical and electrical integration and complete sets of pump products. In particular, high-temperature pumps, low-temperature and ultra-low-temperature pumps, high-speed pumps, precision metering pumps, corrosion-resistant pumps, and transport of viscous media and pumps with solid particulate media and canned pumps have developed rapidly. There are more than 100 domestic manufacturers, and more than 100 series and more than 2000 varieties of pump products manufacturing technology and production equipment have been produced to meet the needs of petrochemical production. Compared with foreign countries, domestic petrochemical pumps are lagging behind in design theory and design methods. Product development uses more methods of imitation and analogy, lacks theoretical basis and experimental research data; processing equipment and technology levels are relatively backward, processing accuracy is low, and production efficiency is low. Low; product serialization and generalization degree is not high, specifications are few; pump efficiency, quality and reliability, sealing performance, corrosion resistance, etc. There is a big gap compared with foreign countries, so petrochemical pumps have more imports .