Copper as the livelihood of the metal, used in industrial and agricultural production in many areas, with the large-scale exploitation of mineral resources, copper resources are increasingly scarce, and people attach importance to environmental protection and energy consumption, the concentrate quality requirements Continuous improving. High arsenic copper ore has always been one of the problems in mineral processing research at home and abroad. The composition of such ore is complex and the copper concentrate produced is high in arsenic. The ore content of the ore in this study is high, and the copper and arsenic in the ore are closely related. In view of the characteristics of the ore, the use of arsenic inhibitors in the lime and bleaching powder groups in the test has greatly reduced the arsenic content in the copper concentrate, improved the quality of the copper concentrate, and brought economic benefits to the mine.
First, the nature of the ore
The ore is a hydrothermal deposit with a complex ore type. The ore is mainly composed of copper and is associated with elements such as silver and arsenic. The mineral composition of the ore is more complicated and there are more minerals. Independent minerals mainly chalcopyrite copper, followed by a small amount of side chalcopyrite, chalcocite like; predominantly arsenopyrite and arsenic; independently sulfur minerals mainly pyrrhotite, pyrite, marcasite; veins the main minerals quartz, a small amount of white mica, calcite, feldspar, sericite. Chalcopyrite is the most important copper mineral in ore. It is closely related to the inlay of poisonous sand, and is often embedded in gangue minerals in an irregular shape.
(1) Analysis of main chemical components of ore
The main chemical composition analysis results of ore are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 Analysis results of main chemical components of ore
ingredient | Cu | Zn | As | Fe | S | MgO | CaO | Al 2 O 3 | SiO 2 | Ag | Au |
Quality score | 1.36 | 0.15 | 5.05 | 18.32 | 14.72 | 1.07 | 1.48 | 5.97 | 34.91 | 124g/t | 0.27g/t |
(II) Analysis of ore chemical phase
The chemical phase analysis results of copper in ore are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 Results of chemical phase analysis of copper in ore
The chemical phase analysis of copper shows that the copper in the ore is mainly copper sulfide, the occupancy rate is 89.71%, and the copper which is easily lost in the tailings is combined with copper and copper oxide, the content is 2.20% and 8.09% respectively.
Second, the beneficiation process test
(1) Rough grinding grinding fineness test
The results of rough grinding fineness test are shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1 Results of rough selection grinding fineness test
1-copper grade; 2-copper recovery
It can be seen from the results of the grinding fineness test that the recovery rate of copper in the copper concentrate increases with the increase of the fineness of the grinding. Considering the grade and recovery rate of copper concentrate, the fineness of grinding should not be too fine. Therefore, it is preferable to select coarse grinding fineness -74μm to account for 70%.
(2) Type test of collector
The test results of the copper rough collector type are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Test results of copper rough selection collector type
The test results show that BK320 is used as the crude collector for copper. The recovery rate of copper concentrate is the highest, reaching 88.53%, and the grade of copper concentrate is also high, 13.87%. Therefore, BK320 was chosen as the collector for rough selection of copper.
(3) Lime dosage test
Lime is an effective inhibitor of pyrite minerals and arsenopyrite. The test results of copper rough lime dosage are shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2 Results of rough selection of lime
1-copper grade; 2-copper recovery
The test results show that with the increase of lime dosage, the copper grade in copper coarse concentrate increases, but the excessive lime dosage has an effect on copper flotation. Considering comprehensively, the amount of copper selected for rough selection is 2.0kg/t.
(4) Regrind test
The results of the regrind fineness test of copper coarse concentrate are shown in Fig. 3.
Figure 3 Re-grind test results
1-copper grade; 2-arsenic grade; 3-copper recovery; 4-arsenic recovery
The test results show that after re-grinding, the grade of copper concentrate is improved, the arsenic content in copper concentrate is significantly reduced, and the recovery rate of copper is also decreased. Based on the comprehensive comparison test results, the fine grinding degree of copper coarse concentrate was selected to be -45μm, accounting for 94%.
(5) Copper selection lime dosage test
The test results of the selected lime dosage of copper coarse concentrate are shown in Fig. 4.
Figure 4 Copper selection test results
1-copper grade; 2-copper recovery
The test results show that the proper addition of lime is beneficial to the improvement of the copper grade of copper, and it is better to add 200g/t.
(6) Copper selective bleaching powder dosage test
Bleaching powder is also an inhibitor of arsenic. A copper coarse concentrate was selected for the bleaching powder dosage test. The test results are shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 results of copper selective bleaching powder test
1-arsenic grade; 2-arsenic recovery
The test results show that the appropriate addition of bleaching powder is beneficial to reduce the arsenic content in the copper concentrate, and it is better to add 100g/t.
(7) Open circuit test
On the basis of the conditional test, an open-circuit flotation test was carried out, and the test results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 Open circuit test results
(8) Closed circuit test
The closed circuit test process is shown in Figure 6, and the test results are shown in Table 5.
Table 5 Closed-circuit test results
Figure 6 closed circuit test process
Third, the conclusion
(1) The ore is mainly composed of copper and is accompanied by high-arsenic copper ore with silver. Copper and arsenic are closely related, and the ore is difficult to select.
(2) The experiment uses lime and bleaching powder as inhibitors of arsenic minerals. The flotation closed-circuit test obtained copper grade of copper concentrate of 31.22%, copper recovery rate of 88.77% and arsenic content of 0.17%. Provides technical support for the development and utilization of this resource.
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