The current state and characteristics of automatic water supply device technology involve the use of micro-sprinkler irrigation systems, which typically rely on pump types such as self-priming centrifugal pumps, deep well pumps, and submersible pumps. Self-priming centrifugal pumps are known for their compact design and ease of operation, but they have a complex manufacturing process, long priming time, lower efficiency, and higher operating costs. Deep well and submersible pumps, although capable of lifting water to a certain height, have limited flow rates. In particular, deep well pumps require long drive shafts, which increase material consumption, cost, and make installation and maintenance more challenging. This paper introduces an automatic water supply device using a centrifugal pump to address these limitations. It offers advantages such as lower investment, higher efficiency, quicker start-up, greater head and flow capacity, lower operating costs, and easier maintenance.
The working principle of a standard centrifugal pump relies on centrifugal force, requiring the pump and suction pipe to be filled with water before starting, or using a vacuum pump for priming. The automatic water supply system for a centrifugal pump works by manually filling the well pump and suction pipe with water, ensuring that the pump and suction pipe remain full at all times through check valves and gate valves, allowing immediate activation when needed.
The installation process involves several steps: first, installing a bottom valve connected to a tee on the well pipe, followed by the installation of a valve and hand-pump above the well pipe. Then, connecting the pump to a check valve, followed by the water supply pipe and water control valve. Pressure gauges are installed on the pressure tank, and distribution facilities are set up on the ground.
Technical requirements include placing the bottom valve of the well pipe on the ground, ensuring the elevation of the pressure tank’s outlet pipe is at least 0.5 meters higher than the pump’s outlet pipe, and maintaining a water level in the pressure tank that is higher than the pump's water intake line before the first water supply.
Technically, this device solves the issue of needing to prime the pump or use a vacuum pump every time it starts, allows for frequent starting and easier automation, eliminates the self-priming process for faster startup, reduces mechanical losses during priming, and offers higher efficiency compared to self-priming centrifugal pumps. Additionally, it maintains the same depth capabilities as other systems.
From an efficiency standpoint, this system eliminates the need for manual or purchased vacuum pumps, reduces investment in water source projects and auxiliary infrastructure, and simplifies installation and maintenance.
This automatic water supply device can be applied in various settings, including water-saving irrigation areas, rural tap water systems, urban water projects, and industrial water zones. It is suitable for groundwater irrigation where the underground pipe depth does not exceed 10 meters, including the depth of the pump house.
In conclusion, this device enhances the performance of standard centrifugal pumps and expands their application range. Compared to well pumps and submersible pumps, it offers better flow and head capabilities while being more efficient and cost-effective.
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