·Special car "black and white" identity of the disciplinary supervision wisdom

According to the report of the New Financial Observer, like the uber, the originator of the taxi software, the drip and fast taxis are like a “non-fuel-efficient” spoiler, which has triggered a multi-party battle in the traditional taxi industry in China. The strike event, the "black and white" identity of the car, the elimination of the industry monopoly... For a time, all kinds of voices are heard. The transformation of the Internet into traditional industries is clearly irreversible.
In the face of huge market demand, how to balance the interests of all parties, ensure safe operation, and reasonable law enforcement are the considerations that the regulatory authorities need to consider.
Rental Challenges At the beginning of the 2015 New Year, taxi drivers in many provinces and cities in China even staged a "strike" incident.
On January 4th, thousands of taxis in Shenyang collectively went on strike, blocking traffic routes and expressing dissatisfaction. On the morning of the same day, hundreds of taxis in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province gathered at the entrance of the city government square and collectively “hibernate”.
The reason for the "strike" given by the driver is that the "special car" business of dripping, fast and other taxi software robbed their business and asked the government to rectify the black car and cancel the fuel surcharge of 1 yuan.
In the following days, the “strike” incident originating in Shenyang City, like dominoes, continued to ferment in many cities across the country.
On January 8, a taxi stopped at the railway station, airport and passenger station in Nanjing. On the 12th, some taxis in Jinan City were shut down, and the transportation hubs such as Jinan Railway Station were “hard to find a car”; on the 13th, Changchun, Similar situations have occurred in Chengdu and Nanchang.
Not all.
The core appeal of the strike driver is to boycott the "special car" software and protest against the high "money money."
What makes the taxi driver dissatisfied is that since the "special car" such as Didi, Fast, etc. entered the market in the second half of last year, his monthly income and orders have been reduced compared with the original; and the car driver not only does not need to go to the traditional taxi. The company pays the money and also grabs the business with the taxi on the price by obtaining the preferential subsidy from the special car software company.
"The price of a taxi is 1.7 yuan / km, the price of a special car is about twice as high." Talking about the "contradiction" between the taxi industry and the special car in the near future, a taxi driver in Tianjin is the oldest quarter to the new financial The reporter "Tucao" said, "The work has been taken away by them!"
The taxi industry is getting worse and worse, and there are routine "money money."
According to relevant media reports, the “money money” of taxis is high in all cities. In Beijing, taxi money is four or five thousand yuan; in Nanjing, Shanghai and other cities, even up to seven or eight thousand yuan.
Since 2015, the money has been written into the regulations of the transportation department. In the "Regulations on the Management of Taxi Operating Services", the taxi operator shall "charge the fees reasonably according to the regulations, disclose the charging items and charging standards to the driver, and provide the charging bills."
But in fact, the taxi company's money is arbitrarily dimly increasing prices, disguised charges, and the use of unknown sources has long been an open "secret" in the industry. Some taxi companies even use it to cover various expenses such as office expenses and travel expenses.
The debate on black and white identity However, with the calming of the situation of the strikes around the country, the local traffic authorities will take the lead in rectifying the banner to the special car software company. In some places, the traffic control department even explicitly banned the "special car" in the "black car".
In fact, since the end of last year, the traffic control departments of Hangzhou, Nanjing, Shenyang and other places have issued a ticket for the special car business and stopped the service; the Shanghai traffic control department has clearly stated that “the drip car is a black car and the operation is illegal”.
Since January this year, the "ban" has become even tighter.
The Jinan City Passenger Management Center stated that the “special car” business will be investigated and fined according to the “black car”; the Beijing Traffic Law Enforcement Corps publicly recognized for the first time that “private cars are illegally operated by taxi software”; the Guangzhou Municipal Traffic Commission also defines the special car service as "Illegal operation", and even the special car of the leasing company was also listed as a target of "over-range operation".
For a time, the debate on the legality of the identity of the car was launched. In the face of the repeated suppression of local governments, the taxi software company clearly disagreed with the "black car".
Drip, fast, and easy to use the car responded that its car business partners are regular leasing companies. That is, the vehicle is provided by the car rental company, and the driver is provided by the labor dispatch company. It only provides information matching and service standards, and integrates the needs of mobile travel. Therefore, it cannot be said that the special car is equal to the "black car".
In this regard, Zhao Zhan, legal adviser of the Credit Rating Center of the China Internet Society, told the new financial reporter that private cars cannot engage in leasing operations and provide passenger transport services in China. Car rental companies need to have their own property rights vehicles, and through the application of the traffic control department indicators, and registration for the operation. This mode of providing driver driving by car rental companies and third-party labor dispatch companies is not explicitly prohibited in China's current law. It is a gray area. Many car software companies choose to play such a ball to avoid legal risks.
However, in fact, there are currently two types of vehicles on various types of special vehicles in domestic cities: one is the vehicle provided by the above-mentioned car rental company, and the other is a social vehicle such as a private car.
On January 6, the Beijing traffic control department investigated several private cars suspected of illegally operating passengers at the Capital Airport. Among them, there are vehicles that are linked to the easy-to-use vehicles.
Faced with such a result, let the car software company's rhetoric seem a bit weak. The company also said that “the enterprise vehicles are all contracted leasing companies, but it does not rule out the breach of contract when some leasing companies send vehicles.”
Zhao Zhan told the new financial reporter that in the actual operation of the special car business, if the vehicle is only provided by the rental company's vehicles in full accordance with the regulations, the quantity is far from enough.
“The vehicle indicators approved by the traffic control department have been very limited. Therefore, a large number of private cars have collaborated with the special software companies such as Didi by the name of the leasing company.”
The issues of “black car washing white”, “safety protection” and “how to supervise” caused by the special car service have become hot topics of discussion.
Finally, on January 8, the Ministry of Transport stated its position on the issue of special vehicles.
The Ministry of Communications has affirmed that the “special car” service has a positive effect on meeting the high quality, diversification and differential demand of the transportation market, but it is forbidden to participate in the private car access platform. One and a half months ago, the Ministry of Communications has just clarified the 16-character principle of “people-oriented, encouraging innovation, benefiting and avoiding harm, and standardizing management”.
The timely voice of the Ministry of Communications has made the "Drip" and "Fast" on the market really relieved. It also allows the market to see the prospect of having a lease license car rental business in the future.
It is reported that the easy-to-use car announced that it will set up an "easy to rent a car", and will engage in car rental in the future to alleviate the problem of tight supply.
Breaking the monopoly of the industry It is worth noting that when local governments and software companies are fighting on the legality of the identity of the car, the public opinion is almost a one-sided opposition to the stop-and-go.
According to a statistics from the Zhongqing Public Opinion Monitoring Office, only 6.2% of netizens support cities such as Beijing and Shanghai to stop the “No. 1 Special Car” and other services; more than half of the netizens believe that the quality of “No. 1 Special Car” is higher than that of taxis.
Waiting patiently, free supply of drinking paper towels, charging equipment, umbrellas, etc., necessary for travel, credit card payment, the service of "high on the car" has been deeply rooted in the passengers; reducing the idling, enjoying the subsidies of the software company also let the driver taste the sweetness; Integrate idle vehicle resources, reduce traffic congestion and air pollution during peak hours, and social effects are positive... From the beginning of the car service, the special car service seems to be in opposition to the traditional taxi industry's "poor service, high price, no responsibility".
The People’s Daily, Xinhuanet, Workers’ Daily, Zhongqing Daily and other media have also joined the “communication war”, which has turned the board to the “money” of the taxi industry and the shortcomings of many operating systems.
In the interview with the new financial reporter, Drip and Fast said that it is estimated that the demand for taxis in major cities nationwide is between 50 million and 60 million yuan per day, but the actual number of orders that taxis can provide is only about 30 million. . In other words, at least 20 million order calls are not met.
Judging from the existing taxi capacity, taking Beijing as an example, there are data showing that the number of taxis in Beijing was 56,000 in 1995. In 2015, the total number of taxis in the city will be controlled within 66,600. In the past 20 years, the number of taxis has only increased by more than 10,000; however, the resident population of Beijing has increased by more than 8.6 million. The contradiction of “insufficient supply and demand” in urban public transportation is prominent.
This is also the case in other major cities across the country.
At present, the operating modes of taxis in major cities in China are mainly divided into two modes: corporate operation and self-employment. The property rights of vehicles are also divided into two types: individual and company. The legal operation of taxis requires a government-authorized taxi license.
However, in recent years, the number of taxi licenses issued by each city has been strictly controlled, which has led to the rise in the price of taxi licenses.
The driver told the new financial reporter in the old quarter that in Tianjin, the contract with the taxi company like him and the contractual management rights are actually a small proportion.
"More than 80% of the taxis are actually owned by individuals. The light license is worth 800,000 yuan, and they can enjoy fuel subsidies. These are all we don't have. It is very difficult to add a license." .
Looking at the car rental industry, the license control is equally strict. It is understood that many cities have stopped issuing new car rental licenses, and many second- and third-tier cities do not even have a compliant leasing company.
According to a report by Roland Berger, it is estimated that the car rental market in China will reach 65 billion yuan in 2018, and the number of fleets will reach 779,000. The demand prospect is huge.
“Special car software platform company has already cultivated the needs of users through the marketing accumulation of taxi software before, and now the demand for business car rental is also increasing rapidly,” Zhao Zhan told the new financial reporter, “It is obviously not for the implementation of the prohibition of special car software. A long-term solution. If many black cars are transferred from the line to the offline, the safety risks will be even greater."
Considering the wisdom of the regulatory industry The ultimate goal of the discussion is to figure out why the problem is effectively addressed.
On January 15th, the Ministry of Communications issued the "Opinions on Comprehensively Deepening the Reform of Transportation", clearly proposing to scientifically locate the services of taxis, improve the capacity of transportation; scientifically adjust the total amount of taxis, and allocate rentals through service quality bidding, etc. The vehicle management right of the car.
Undoubtedly, these are the friendly attitudes of the decision-making departments to the participation of mobile Internet companies in the taxi market.
As far as the local government level is concerned, it is understood that many provinces and cities in China have also introduced management regulations, and have begun to solve the problem of taxi industry reform from the aspects of standardizing operational order and exit mechanism.
Recently, Gansu, Hebei and other places have introduced new passenger car rental management regulations. The regulations stipulate that in the future, the right to operate taxis will be limited in terms of implementation period, and the term of management rights will be linked to the quality of services. Taxi companies that violate the relevant regulations will be forced to withdraw from the taxi transportation field.
At the same time, the Shanghai Municipal Communications Commission also opened a “green light” for local operations such as Didi Special Vehicles, encouraging the special vehicle service platform to cooperate with regular leasing companies.
It is undeniable that the new technology combined with traditional services has completely changed the user experience and brought a new business model. As a new mode of transportation operation, the service of the car is higher than the traditional taxi. It is a supplement to the existing taxi market and an impact. This has forced traditional industries to reflect on themselves.
Many people in the industry believe that to break the ills of the taxi industry, not only need to withdraw from the mechanism, but also need to open the access mechanism. Taxes and business vehicles will be placed on the same market platform, and taxi freight rates and service levels will be gradually resolved.
Regarding the problems brought about by the "special car" at the moment, Zhao Zhan said to the new financial reporters, "It is recommended that the supervision of the car rental industry be appropriately relaxed and the vehicle indicators increased. The number of vehicles in the formal leasing company is limited, and the private car is limited; in addition, It is through the audit mechanism such as filing to incorporate some social vehicles into the car rental service system to alleviate market demand."
Some analysts said that the two modes of operation, taxis and special vehicles, have their own markets, and there is also some degree of competition. How to form a complementary pattern for people with different needs and form a consultation mechanism between the government, experts and industry groups, so that regulation and innovation can be integrated. At this stage, for managers, this seems to be a greater test.

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