Japan, a small island country. The territory covers an area of ​​378,000 square kilometers, only 1/25 of China's territory, but Japan's local manufacturing industry is highly developed, and electrical brands such as Panasonic and Toshiba are catchy. What you don't know is that before 2013, Japan's LED manufacturing industry began to develop rapidly, due to Japan, a small island country in 2011. The territory covers an area of ​​378,000 square kilometers, only 1/25 of China's territory, but Japan's local manufacturing industry is highly developed, and electrical brands such as Panasonic and Toshiba are catchy. What you don't know is that before 2013, Japan's LED manufacturing industry began to develop rapidly. The reason was that the nuclear leakage caused by the 2011 earthquake caused a subversive change in the energy consumption concept of the Japanese people, which ushered in the high speed of the LED industry. Development, so far, China is still a major importer of LEDs in Japan. More than a hundred years ago, the powers invaded China with opium. More than a hundred years later, Chinese spicy strips gave the world a heavy blow. Of course, in the future, I hope that China’s export lamps will go to the world like Weilong. Country Profile Japan has a land area of ​​378,000 square kilometers, which is equivalent to the area of ​​Yunnan Province in China. It has a population of about 127 million people, a large population density, lack of natural resources, and highly developed industries. It is the most developed country in Asia and the third largest economy in the world. . Local lighting industry Japan's local lighting manufacturing industry is also very developed, with complete industrial chain and advanced manufacturing technology. In the upstream of the industrial chain, Nichia, the famous five major chip makers in Tokushima Prefecture, and Toyoda Gosei in Aichi Prefecture; in addition, Showa Denko and Roma Semiconductor ( ROHM) is also committed to the development of LED chips. Toshiba Electronics (TOSHIBA Semicon) has also withdrawn from the purchase of Bridgelux's patented silicon substrate technology; MOCVD equipment manufacturers have Taiyo Sanso; extension graphite carrier manufacturers have Toyo Tanso and Tokai Carbon. In terms of midstream packaging, CITIZEN and SHARP have also performed well in the Chinese market; Shin-Etsu Chem is the packaging material; Kyocera's ceramic packaging is also very interesting. Downstream application vendors are the best in the world. In addition to the world-renowned Panasonic Toshiba Shuangxiong, the light source includes NEC, HITACHI, SHARP, Mitsubishi, etc., and is known as HID expert. Iwasaki, and up-and-coming star Iris Ohyama; in terms of lighting, Endo, Koizumi, Odelic, etc.; special lighting, Koito is a car The light is good, STANLEY is versatile, and Ushio is the originator of the authentic LED filament lamp (please identify it yourself). In terms of OLED, Panasonic, Mitsubishi Chem, Sumitomo Chem, Idemitsu Kosan, Konica Minolta and Kaneka are at the forefront. The scale and characteristics of the local lighting market The rapid development of LED lighting The magnitude 9.9 earthquake that broke out in March 2011 is an opportunity for the rapid development of LED lighting in Japan. The nuclear leakage caused by the earthquake has caused a subversive change in the energy consumption concept of the Japanese people. Nuclear energy is no longer There is no need to worry about it. The urgent need for energy-saving lighting has made emerging LED lighting use. Since 2011, LED replacement products (Retrofit) have been able to grow at a high speed. In less than three years, it has occupied more lighting market. Half of the walls; while LED has the advantages of energy saving and long life, which makes the replacement product market approaching saturation at the end of 2013, and the market potential has turned to the direction of LED integrated lamps. The industrial planning of the Japan Lighting Industry Association envisages that in 2020, 100% of LED products will be sold in the Japanese lighting market; by 2030, all lighting products including market sales and stocks will be LED products. Overall, Japan is currently the developed country with the highest penetration rate of LED lighting in the world. The two super-strong and strong patterns are obvious. Panasonic and Toshiba are the super brands that are in the Japanese lighting market. The two companies account for about 70% of the total general lighting market. Endo, Iwasaki, Koizumi, etc. are all in the field of lighting. Although Iris Ohyama, SHARP, NEC and other high-growth LED replacement products after the East Japan earthquake have occupied a place in the market, but at present, Matsushita Toshiba's market position remains unshakable. As the Japanese lighting brand, Panasonic has frequently expanded its international territory in the past few years. It has acquired the American famous company Universal, the German accessory manufacturer VS and the Indian electric lighting brand Anchor. The sales of the lighting business surpassed GE, and there is no such thing. However, due to the economic downturn, shrinking demand and fierce competition in the past two years, the two companies are gradually recycling. Panasonic has closed factories in Hangzhou, Indonesia and China. Toshiba announced its withdrawal from the white LED business last year. The Chinese business of lighting was sold to Konka. The market is relatively closed In addition to the deep-rooted reasons in the field of cultural awareness, as mentioned above, Japan has a strong product development and manufacturing capabilities, and a complete supporting industry, which also determines that it is a relatively closed market. Stronger than the international giants PHILIPS and OSRAM have not really opened up the Japanese market, only relying on the acquisition of Iris Ohyama and the joint venture with Mitsubishi to establish OSRAM-MELCO (the company has stopped) to reluctantly enter. Higher entry thresholds The Japanese market's lighting product certification system (PSE certification) has strict electrical safety requirements. For example, LED lamps with external power supply require Class A PSE diamond certification. LED lamps with built-in power and self-ballasted LED bulbs require Class B PSE round certification. In addition, the power supply must be isolated power supply, and the chip and phosphor of the whole lamp are also patented. In general, the entry threshold is high. The requirements of individual customers are also high, but the total amount and profit are considerable, the reputation is generally good, and enterprises suitable for producing medium and high-end products enter. Industry Organization Japan Lighting Manufacturers Association (JLMA) is the only national organization in the Japanese lighting industry, equivalent to the China Lighting Association (CALI) in China. Its history dates back to 1933 and is headed by The Japan Electric Lamp Manufacturers Association (JELMA), the Japan Electric Light Manufacturers Association of the light source industry, and the Japan Luminaires Association (JLA), the Japan Lighting Industry Association, which is in charge of the lighting industry, were merged in April 2013, which is also in line with the trend of LED lighting integration. . The president of the association is generally rotated by Panasonic and Toshiba. The association is a member of the Global Lighting Association (GLA) with the China Lighting Association (CALI). The status quo of lighting products exported to Japan As a big country and a strong country in lighting products manufacturing, Japan has the capacity to be self-sufficient, but it is still an important market for the export of lighting products in China. In 2015, China's exports to Japan totaled US$1.34 billion, down 14.2% year-on-year; among them, 570 million LED lighting products, down 6.57% year-on-year, and exports ranked 4th in export destinations, while LED lighting products in 2016 were about 5 Billion, a further decline year-on-year, is still the fourth highest in export destination countries (except Hong Kong re-export). In the traditional light source products, the traditional light source products, first look at the heat radiation source, in March 2010, Toshiba, which produced Japan's first incandescent light bulb, announced that it had discontinued its 120-year-old incandescent lamp. The Japanese government has also been working on incandescent lamps. Work exiting the market. However, in reality, incandescent lamps are still on the market. It can be seen from the export figures that a small number of incandescent lamps are still exported to Japan, and the price has not changed much. The quantity, amount and unit price of tungsten halogen lamps have basically shown a downward trend. Fluorescent lamp products have always been favored in the Japanese market, and whether it is a compact fluorescent lamp or a straight tube or a circular fluorescent lamp, in recent years, due to the replacement of LED lighting products, it has entered a gradual downward channel, and the unit price is basically stable. In terms of HID, high-pressure sodium lamps are products imported from Japan. On the one hand, they prefer metal halide lamps for outdoor applications, and on the other hand, they are more self-produced; high-pressure mercury lamps have high energy consumption and mercury-containing disadvantages. In recent years, the quantity, amount and unit price have shown a significant downward trend, which is also in line with the global common trend; metal halide lamps are the most direct products affected by LED, and the downward trend of various indicators is also very obvious. In summary, with the continuous improvement of the cost performance of LED lighting products, the traditional lighting products will be in the market for a long period of time. In the future, traditional lighting products will coexist with LED lighting products in the market. LED lighting The share of products will increase year by year. The data of the two main types of luminaire products basically conforms to the trend of lowering the price of LED products and gradually developing towards integrated luminaires.
The function of the Valve Seat is
1. connecting the inlet and outlet pipes of the valve;
2. forming a valve chamber to complete the guiding of the fluid in the valve;
3. Fixed valve operating mechanism,
4. Guided valve flap orientation movement;
5. Withstands the pressure of fluid in the valve.
Agricultural Machinery Valve Seat
Agricultural Machinery Valve Seat,Agriculture Machine Part Valve Seat
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