Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, September 20th Recently, the General Office of the CPC Central Committee and the General Office of the State Council issued the "Several Opinions on Establishing a Long-term Effective Mechanism for Monitoring and Early Warning of Resources and Environment Carrying Capacity", and issued a notice requesting all localities and departments to conscientiously implement the reality implement.
The main contents of the "Several Opinions on Establishing a Long-term Mechanism for Monitoring and Early Warning of Resource and Environmental Carrying Capacity" are as follows.
In order to thoroughly implement the strategic plan of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on deepening the reform of the ecological civilization system, promote the standardization, normalization, and institutionalization of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and guide and constrain the localities in strict accordance with the resource and environmental carrying capacity to plan economic and social development. Make the following comments.
First, the overall requirements
(1) Guiding ideology. Fully implement the spirit of the Party's 18th and 18th Central Committee, the 4th Middle School, the Fifth Middle School, and the Sixth Plenary Session. Guided by Deng Xiaoping Theory, the important thinking of the "Three Represents", and the scientific development concept, we will thoroughly implement the important series of General Secretary Xi Jinping. The spirit of speech and the new ideas, new ideas and strategies for governing the country, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, closely promote the overall layout of the "five in one" and coordinate the promotion of the "four comprehensive" strategic layout, and firmly establish and implement The new development concept, unswervingly implement the main functional zone strategy and system, and establish a long-term mechanism for monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity with complete means, data sharing, real-time efficiency, strong control, and multi-party coordination, effectively standardize the space development order, and rationally control the space. The intensity of development will effectively limit all kinds of development activities within the carrying capacity of resources and environment, and lay a solid foundation for building an efficient and coordinated sustainable land space development pattern.
(2) Basic principles
-- Adhere to the combination of regular assessment and real-time monitoring. According to the resource carrying capacity of different regions, the whole area and specific regional assessments will be carried out regularly, and the dynamics of key areas will be monitored in real time to improve the efficiency of monitoring and early warning.
-- Adhere to the combination of facilities construction and system construction. Combining the monitoring and early warning needs of resource and environmental carrying capacity, not only strengthen related infrastructure construction, but also improve supporting policies and innovative institutional mechanisms to enhance monitoring and early warning capabilities.
-- Adhere to the combination of strict control and effective incentives. In view of the overloading types of different resource environments, we must adhere to the overall planning of land and sea, and develop differentiated and operational control systems according to local conditions, limiting areas where resources and environment are deteriorating, and inspiring resource and environmental improvement areas, and improving monitoring and early warning levels.
-- Adhere to the combination of government supervision and social supervision. Adhere to the integration of divisions, linkages, and overall promotion, strengthen the government's regulatory capacity, encourage all sectors of society to actively participate, give full play to the role of social supervision, and form a joint monitoring and early warning force.
Second, the control mechanism
(3) Comprehensive supporting measures. The resource and environment carrying capacity is divided into three levels: overload, critical overload and no overload. According to the increase and slowdown of resource environment, the overload level is further divided into red and orange warning levels, and the critical overload level is divided into yellow and blue. The two warning levels and non-overload levels are determined to be green and no alarm levels, and the warning levels are red, orange, yellow, blue, and green from high to low.
For the red warning zone, the green police zone, and the areas where the early warning level of resource and environmental carrying capacity is reduced or improved, corresponding comprehensive reward and punishment measures are implemented. For areas that have deteriorated from critical overload to overload, refer to the comprehensive supporting measures of the red warning zone; for areas that have never deteriorated to be overloaded, refer to the individual control measures such as water resources, land resources, environment, ecology and sea areas in the overloaded area. For processing, if necessary, refer to the comprehensive supporting measures of the red warning zone for treatment; implement different levels of incentive measures for areas that change from overload to critical overload or from critical overload to non-overload.
For the red warning zone, implement the most stringent regional restrictions on overload factors, suspend the examination and approval procedures for new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects in relevant industry sectors according to law, clarify the timetable for the withdrawal of overloaded industries, and implement the reduction of urban construction land; Enterprises that seriously damage the resources and environment carrying capacity, illegally discharge pollutants and destroy ecological resources, restrict production according to law, suspend production for rectification, and impose fines according to law, order to suspend business, close and Transfer relevant responsible persons to administrative detention, etc. The criminal responsibility shall be investigated according to law; the responsible person of the government department and the relevant responsible person who is not well-regulated shall be subject to administrative punishment according to the seriousness of the case until criminal responsibility is pursued; the cadres who are responsible for the serious damage caused by the ecological environment and resources shall not be promoted or used. Transferred to important positions, given blasphemy, ordered public apology, organizational treatment or party discipline and disciplinary action; local government should formulate a systematic action plan to reduce the degree of overload according to overload factors, and withdraw from the red warning zone within a time limit.
No police district on the green, study the establishment of ecological compensation mechanism for protecting the right to development and compensation system to encourage appropriate industry development in line with the main function of positioning, increase green financial tilt efforts to improve the leadership cadres of ecological civilization construction evaluation and examination target weight.
(4) Water resources control measures. In areas where water resources are overloaded, we will suspend the approval of construction projects to obtain new water abstraction permits, formulate and strictly implement water consumption reduction plans, implement stricter water conservation standards for major water industry sectors, reduce unreasonable irrigation areas, and implement water resource fee differences. To levy policies and actively promote pilot reforms of water resources tax; for critically overloaded areas, suspend the approval of high-water consumption projects, strictly control the total amount of water, increase the use of water-saving and unconventional water sources, and optimize the adjustment of industrial structure; Strictly control the total amount and intensity of water consumption, strengthen water resources protection and supervision of sewage discharge into the river.
(5) Land resource management and control measures. In the areas where land resources are overloaded, in principle, no construction land quotas will be added, zero land use for urban construction will be implemented, and the establishment of new towns and new districts and development zones will be strictly controlled. For the areas where cultivated land and grassland resources are overloaded, research and implementation of crop rotation and grazing ban will be implemented. It is forbidden to use non-agricultural and non-pastoral use of cultivated land and grassland, and greatly reduce the intensity of fertilization and fertilization intensity of livestock and poultry; in the critical overload area, strictly control the total amount of construction land, gradually increase the proportion of land supply to the stock, and use land quotas to infrastructure. Tilting with public welfare projects, strictly restricting the use of arable land and grassland for non-agricultural non-pastoral use; for non-overloaded areas, encourage the supply of land for construction, consolidate and improve the quality of cultivated land, and implement a grass-animal balance system.
(6) Environmental management and control measures. For environmentally overloaded areas, take the lead in implementing the special emission limits of emission standards, stipulate more stringent emission permit requirements, implement the reduction and reduction of key pollutants in new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects, and suspend the implementation of regional emissions trading; In overloaded areas, encrypt and monitor sensitive pollution sources, implement strict discharge permit management, implement reduction and discharge of key pollutants in new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects, and take effective measures to strictly prevent sudden regional and systematic major environmental events; Implement the same amount of replacement of key pollutants in new construction, reconstruction and expansion projects.
(7) Ecological control measures. Strengthen the protection of natural ecosystems such as rivers, lakes, rivers and mountains, delineate and control red lines in important rivers, lakes, rivers, mountains and surrounding areas, and implement the most stringent protection measures to ensure the overall ecological security. For ecologically overloaded areas, develop a limited-term ecological restoration plan, implement a stricter regular and accurate inspection system, implement ecological migration relocation when necessary, implement ban management for areas with severely degraded ecosystems, and promote natural restoration of ecosystems; and encrypt monitoring for critical overload areas Ecological function degradation risk area, scientific implementation of landscape forest lake system restoration, rationally dismantling population, curbing ecosystem degradation trend; establishing ecological product value realization mechanism for non-overloaded areas, comprehensively applying investment, finance, finance and other policy tools to support green Ecological economic development.
(8) Sea area control measures. For overloaded sea areas, which are overloaded by space resources, the shoreline development and new reclamation projects are prohibited by law, and the implementation of the coastal building retreat line system is studied; the fishery resources are overloaded, and the total amount of offshore fishing and aquaculture is reduced year by year. Large-scale reduction of ship production; it is an ecological environment overload, which greatly improves the water quality assessment requirements for the cross-river river sections with poor water quality, strictly controls the upstream pollutants entering the river, and prohibits the newly added sewage discharge ports and sewage treatment plants discharged into the sea according to law. By clearing up the standardization and rectification, gradually reducing the existing sewage outlets into the sea, suspending the approval of new construction, reconstruction, and expansion of marine (shore) project construction projects; if the resources of the non-resident islands are overloaded, the development and construction of non-resident islands is prohibited, and ecological damage is prohibited within a time limit. Renovation of uninhabited islands. For critical overloaded sea areas, which are critically overloaded with space resources, in principle, the use of new sea-occupied sea projects and reclamation projects will no longer be approved; for the critical overload of fishery resources, the conservation of marine fishery resources and habitat protection will be strengthened. Guide the inshore coastal aquaculture area to the offshore deepwater area; if it is critically overloaded in the ecological environment, strictly implement and gradually improve the water quality assessment requirements for the river section into the sea, strictly control the marine (shore) project construction project to the sea; In addition to the critical overload of the resource environment, other development and construction are prohibited except for the national islands for the construction of major projects, national defense islands, and natural tourism research and education.
Third, the management mechanism
(9) Construction of monitoring and early warning database and information technology platform. Establish a multi-sector monitoring station network collaborative layout mechanism, focus on strengthening weak links and county-level monitoring network layout, and achieve full coverage of the resource and environmental carrying capacity monitoring network nationwide. Standardize the classification and technical standards of monitoring, investigation, census, statistics, establish a distributed data information collaborative service system, strengthen the standardized processing of historical data and standardized collection of real-time data, and improve the system of data collection, storage and sharing services for resource and environment carrying capacity monitoring.
Integrate and integrate the monitoring data of resource and environment carrying capacity of relevant departments, build a monitoring and early warning database, and use cloud computing, big data processing and data fusion technology to realize real-time data sharing and dynamic updating. Based on the relevant individual evaluation and early warning system of relevant departments, build a monitoring and early warning intelligent analysis and dynamic visualization platform for resource and environmental carrying capacity, and realize comprehensive supervision, dynamic evaluation and decision support of resource and environmental carrying capacity. Establish a monitoring platform for monitoring and early warning of resources and environment carrying capacity, and regularly issue monitoring and early warning information to the public.
(10) Establish an integrated monitoring and early warning evaluation mechanism. The resource and environment carrying capacity monitoring and early warning information technology platform will be used to conduct a nationwide evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity every five years in conjunction with the national census. Each year, an evaluation will be conducted on the critical overloaded area, and the overloaded area will be evaluated in real time to dynamically understand and monitor the early warning. Changes in the carrying capacity of resources and environment.
The comprehensive evaluation conclusions of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity shall be based on the comprehensive integration of various evaluation factors and their weights, and shall be released after the relevant departments have reached a consensus through consultation. The conclusions of each individual evaluation shall be published together with the comprehensive evaluation conclusion and other relevant individual evaluation conclusions. The national and regional resource and environmental carrying capacity monitoring and early warning evaluation conclusions should be discussed with the provincial and city-level administrative districts, resource and environmental carrying capacity monitoring and early warning evaluation conclusions, and the indicators and threshold design should be improved to accurately analyze the cause of overload. Scientific design restrictive and encouraging supporting measures to enhance the effectiveness and accuracy of monitoring and early warning. Establish an emergency coordination mechanism for sudden resources, environmental, and police, and coordinate monitoring, rapid identification, and negotiation of important police.
(11) Establish a comprehensive application mechanism for monitoring and early warning evaluation conclusions. To formulate the overall plan for economic and social development, special planning and regional planning, it is necessary to scientifically determine the planning objectives and tasks and policy measures based on the monitoring and early warning evaluation conclusions of resource and environmental carrying capacity in different regions, rationally adjust and optimize the industrial scale and layout, and guide various market entities. According to the resource and environment carrying capacity planning and development. In the preparation of spatial planning, it is necessary to carry out the evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity first, and according to the monitoring and early warning evaluation conclusions, scientifically delineate the spatial pattern, set the space development target tasks, design space control measures, and focus on the development of intensity control and use control.
Incorporate the resource and environmental carrying capacity into the natural resource and product price formation mechanism, and construct a price decision-making process that reflects the market supply and demand and resource scarcity. The monitoring results of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity will be incorporated into the performance appraisal system of leading cadres, and the changes in the carrying capacity of resources and environment will be included in the auditing scope of the natural resources assets of leading cadres.
(12) Establish a coordinated supervision mechanism between the government and the society. The National Development and Reform Commission, together with relevant departments and local governments, will provide early warning reminders on overloaded areas and critical overload areas by means of written notices, interviews or announcements, and urge relevant regions to change their development methods and reduce resource and environmental pressures. In the overloaded area, according to the overload condition and the cause of overloading, the governance plan should be formulated according to local conditions, and the timetable and road map for the resource and environmental compliance tasks should be clarified. To carry out supervision and assessment of the implementation of restrictive measures in overloaded areas and accountability, and establish credit records for governments and enterprises in areas with weak implementation of restrictive measures and deteriorating resources and environment, and incorporate them into the national credit information sharing platform.
To carry out monitoring and early warning evaluation of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and resource and environmental management in overloaded areas, we must actively accept social supervision, give play to the role of the media, non-profit organizations and volunteers, and encourage the public to report resource and environmental damage. We will increase publicity, education, and scientific popularization of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and protect the public's right to know, participate, and supervise.
Fourth, safeguard measures
(13) Strengthen organizational leadership. The National Development and Reform Commission should strengthen the overall coordination of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity, and establish relevant monitoring and early warning databases and information technology platforms by the relevant departments by the end of 2018, and organize the completion of the survey of resource and environmental carrying capacity by the end of 2020, and release Comprehensive evaluation conclusions. Major issues and major achievements must be reported to the Party Central Committee and the State Council in a timely manner. Local party committees and governments at all levels should attach great importance to monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity, establish a coordination mechanism for major leaders, and timely release monitoring and early warning reports on resource and environmental carrying capacity in the region, formulate restrictive and incentive measures, and strengthen supervision. Execution to ensure implementation effectiveness.
(14) Refine the supporting policies. All relevant departments shall, in accordance with the division of responsibilities, work hard to formulate individual monitoring capacity building plans, improve the monitoring station network layout, and strengthen data sharing; accelerate the introduction of detailed policies for land, ocean, finance, industry, investment, etc., and clarify specific measures and responsibilities. The main body will give full play to the guiding and restraining role of monitoring and early warning of resource and environmental carrying capacity.
(15) Enhance the support capacity. Integrate multi-disciplinary strengths, establish an expert talent pool, organize technical exchange training, and improve the professional level of monitoring and early warning talents for resources and environment carrying capacity. Establish a monitoring mechanism for monitoring and early warning funds for resource and environmental carrying capacity, and ensure that the monitoring and early warning mechanism for resource and environmental carrying capacity is efficient and effective.
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