Carbon nanotubes (Carbonnanotube)

[chemical composition] pure C.

[Crystal structure] can be regarded as a seamless hollow tube formed by a single or multi-layer graphite hexagonal mesh structure curled by 360° (Fig. Z-11). The diameter of the tube is a few nanometers or tens of nanometers, and the length of the tube is several tens of nanometers to about 1 [mu]m. In the case of multi-layer crimping, the spacing between adjacent layers is comparable to the layer spacing of graphite, about 0.34 nm.

Figure Z-11 Single-layer capped spiral carbon nanotube model

(quoted from Zhang Xiaofeng, 1996) (the hexagonal string winding around the tube axis spirally wound)

[Forms] Generally appear in the form of nano-scale fibers formed by a single carbon nanotube.

[Physical Properties and Applications] In carbon nanotubes, the radial motion and axial motion of electrons in the tube are completely different, showing a special quantum effect. Therefore, carbon nanotubes are called one-dimensional quantum wires. In terms of conductivity, carbon nanotubes may be gold properties, may be semiconducting, or even in different parts of the same carbon nanotubes may exhibit a different conductive properties, and transfer properties of the two different conductive portions At the place, a heterojunction is formed, which has a rectifying effect. In addition to the peculiar electrical properties, carbon nanotubes also have extraordinary mechanical properties. Theoretical calculations show that the strength of a single-layer carbon nanotube curled from a layer of carbon atoms is estimated to be 100 times that of steel, while the density is only steel. 1/6.

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